Hydroponics and soil: how they differ
Where the roots get water and nutrients, and what that changes at home.
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The main difference
In soil, roots draw water and nutrients from the ground. In hydroponics, roots draw them from a nutrient solution mixed as its label directs.
What changes at home
A hydroponic setup adds a reservoir and, depending on the type, a pump, a light, and a timer. That puts water and electricity in the same place. CPSC says a GFCI "is designed to protect people from severe or fatal electric shocks," and that ground fault protection is used "especially for circuit outlets in particularly vulnerable areas such as where electrical equipment is near water." Use a qualified electrician for any wiring.
Aquaponics
Aquaponics is a name for systems that combine plants with fish or other aquatic animals. This site covers hydroponics only and does not cover keeping fish.
Claims we do not make
We do not compare hydroponics with soil on growth, harvests, water use, or food. Results vary.
This is general information, not legal, electrical, or safety advice.
Sources: USDA AMS National Organic Program, Certification of Organic Crop Container Systems (memo, June 3, 2019); CPSC, GFCI Fact Sheet (Pub. 099).
FAQ
General information only. Water and electricity are a dangerous mix: keep plugs, cords, and connections away from water and follow every maker's instructions. CPSC says a GFCI "is designed to protect people from severe or fatal electric shocks" and to test every GFCI "At least once a month." Use a qualified electrician for any wiring. Keep nutrients and other chemicals away from children and pets. In an emergency, call 911.
Next: what hydroponics is
Roots in water, not soil.
