What hydroponics is, in plain words

Roots in water that carries nutrients, and the parts that move it.

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What the word means here

On this site, hydroponics means growing plants with their roots in water that carries dissolved nutrients, instead of in garden soil. A growing medium, if there is one, holds the plant up. The nutrients come from a product mixed into the water as its label directs.

The parts of a home system

A home system has a reservoir that holds the nutrient solution, a way to bring that solution to the roots, and a place for each plant to sit, such as a net pot. Indoor systems add a grow light. Systems with moving water add a pump, and a timer may switch the pump or light.

The system types we explain

We explain deep water culture, nutrient film technique, ebb and flow, drip, wick and Kratky setups, aeroponics and towers, and countertop gardens. Each guide says how the water reaches the roots.

Water and electricity in one place

CPSC says a GFCI "is designed to protect people from severe or fatal electric shocks," and that ground fault protection is used "especially for circuit outlets in particularly vulnerable areas such as where electrical equipment is near water." Use a qualified electrician for any wiring.

What we do not say

We make no claims about growth, harvests, water use, or food. Results vary. We do not name brands or systems, give prices, or pick products.

The parts of a home system. Our plain description, with CPSC on water and power.

This is general information, not legal, electrical, or safety advice.

Sources: CPSC, GFCI Fact Sheet (Pub. 099).

FAQ

Do I need soil?

No. In hydroponics the roots sit in a nutrient solution, sometimes with a growing medium such as clay pebbles or coco coir for support.

Is hydroponics better than soil?

We do not say. Our hydroponics and soil guide explains how the two differ.

General information only. Water and electricity are a dangerous mix: keep plugs, cords, and connections away from water and follow every maker's instructions. CPSC says a GFCI "is designed to protect people from severe or fatal electric shocks" and to test every GFCI "At least once a month." Use a qualified electrician for any wiring. Keep nutrients and other chemicals away from children and pets. In an emergency, call 911.

Deep water culture: how DWC works

Roots hang in the solution.

GFCIs and water: what CPSC says

What CPSC says about GFCIs.

Hydroponic nutrient solutions: the label decides

The label sets the mix.

Next: deep water culture